Fluid pressure brake device



Dec. 22, 1931. c c. FARMER 1,837,420

FLUID PRESSURE BRAKE DEVICE Filed Dec. 4, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet l I 'Figl NORMAL RE LEASE POSITION 3/ 55 5/ I NVEN TOR.

22 3 6 CLYDEQF'ARMER 6/ 6'2 28 BY 43 RELEASE AT HEAD END OF TRAIN AFTER SERVICE APPLICATION.

A TTORNEY.

Dec. 22, 1931. c Q FARMER 1,837,420

FLUID PRESSURE BRAKE DEVICE Filed Dec. 4, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 EMERGENCY APPLICATION POSITION C. C. FARMER FLUID PRESSURE BRAKE DEVICE Filed Dec. 4, 1930 RELEAS/NG AFTER EMERGENCY/IPPL/CAT/O/V.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR.

CLYDE C. FARMER ATTORNEY.

meme use 22, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT osmos- CLYDE C. EARLIER, OI FITTSBUMH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE WETING- HOUSE Am BRAKE COMPANY, OF WILMEBDING, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA FLUID P BFSSUBE BRAKE DEVICE Application filed December 4, 1980. Serial No. 500,017.

This invention relates to fluid pressure brakes, and more particularly to a fluid pressure brake equipment in which the brakes are applied b effecting a reduction in pressure 5 in the bra e pipe and are released by increasing)the brake pipe pressure. ne object of my invention is to provide acfluid pressure brake apparatus in which means are provided for acilitating the re- 1 lease of the brakes after an emergency application of the brakes,

It has heretofore been proposed to provide an emergency valve mechanism having a normally char d quick action'or volume increasing cham zr and a pistol? subject to the opposing pressures of the bra e pipe and the quick action chamber for operatm valve means upon a sudden reduction in bra e pipe pressure to initiate an, emergency application cf the brakes.

With some of the rior devices, the quick actionchamber is cl arged from the brake ipe and in releasin the brakes, when the brake valve is turne to release position, the

- brake pipe may be charged on cars toward the front end of the train to a pressure in excess of the normal standard pressure carried in the system. When the brake valve is turned to'running osition, the brake pipe if any of the quick action chambers have been charged in excess of the normal pressure, while the brake valve is in release osition, the corresponding emergency valve evice is liable to be operated so as to initiate an emergency application of the brakes.

Another object of my invention is to prevent the overchar of the quick action chamber when thei iifiie pipe pressure is increased to effect the release of the brakes.

Thisobject is realized by. maintaining the auxiliary reservoir of the efipment connected with the' nick action 0 mber in the release position 0 the apparatus.

A more specific object of my invention is to provide a fluid pressure brake ap aratus in which valve means are provided or controlling the o ration of the emergency valve mechanism 0 the apparatus, the charging of w the quick action chamber which is associated ressure subsides to t e normal pressure and.

with the emergency valve mechanism, and the supplying of fluid under pressure from a sup lemental reservoir to the brake pipe to faci itate the release of the brakes after a service application.

A further specific object of my. invention tus having an emer ency valve device 0 erative upon a sud en reduction in bra e pipe pressure to connect a normally charged reservoir to the brake cylinder "for augmenting auxiliary reservoir pressure to provide a high brake cylinder pressure in emergency and further operative 'm releasing the brakes after an emergency application to connect the brake cylinder to the brake pi e for increasing the rate of build up of pressure in the rake pipe to facilitate the release of the brakes.

Other'objects and advanta will appear in the following more deta' ed description of the inventio In the accompanying drawings: Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a triple valve device showing my improvementsembodied therein, the several parts being shown in release position; Fig. 2 s a like sectional view of a portion of the device but showing the several parts in the positions they assume in releasing the brakes after aservice ap 1ication; Fi 3 is a view similar to Fig. lbut showing t e seve al parts in the positions they assume in e ectin an emergency aplication of the brakes; ig. 4 is a like view ut showing the several parts in the positions the assume in effecting the release of the bra es after an emergenc application, and Fig. 5 is a fragmentary iagrammatic view of a portion of the device illustrating a modification of the emer ency valve mechanism, the several parts 0% the mechanism being shown in their normal positions. The valve device shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 comprises a triple valve portion, an emergency valve device, and a pilot valve device.

The triple valve portion comprises 0. casing 1 having a piston chamber 2, connected throu h passage 3 with the usual brake pipe 4, an containing piston 5, and a valve chamber 6, connected to the usual auxiliary reservoir 7 and containing a main slide valve 8 and a graduating slide valve 9, ada ted to be operated, through stem 10, by t e piston 5.

The usual brake cylinder 11 is connected, through passage 12, with a passage 13, leading to the seat of slide valve 8, and a supplemental reservoir 14 is connected to a passa e 15, which leads to the seat of slide va ve 8.

The emergency valve device comprises a piston 16 contained in piston chamber 17 and a slide valve 18 and an auxiliary valve 19 contained in valve chamber 20 and adapted to be operated, through a stem 21 by piston 16. The valve chamber 20 is connected to a volume increasing or quick action chamber 22. 1

The pilot valve device comprises a flexible diaphragm 23, having the chamber 24 at one side connected, through a passage 25 with the valve chamber 6 and the auxi iary reservoir 7. The valve chamber 26 at theopposite side of the diaphragm, contains a slide valve 27 adapted to be operated, through a stem 28, by the diaphragm 23. A spring 29 in chamber 24 acts on the diaphragm 23, and a spring 30 acts through a sleeve 31, against the stem 28, and said springs tend to maintain the diaphragm 23 and the slide valve (ill 27 in the normal position, as shown in Fig. 1. A spring-pressed roller 32 acts on the valve 27 and tends to maintain the valve seated. The valve chamber 26 is connected to brake pipe passage 3.

In operation, when the brake pipe 4 is supplied with fluid under pressure in the usual manner, fluid flows from the brake pipe to piston chamber 2 of the triple valve device, and with the triple valve parts in release position, as shown in Fig. 1, fluid flows from piston chamber 2, through passage 33 and port 34 in the main slide valve 8 to valve chamber 6, charging said chamber and the auxiliary reservoir 7 with fluid under pressure.

Fluid under, pressure is then supplied through registering ports 35 and 36 in the graduating valve 9 and the main slide valve 8 to passage 15, charging the supplemental reservoir 14. 1

Fluid at auxiliary reservoir pressure is supplied through passage 25 to diaphragm chamber 24, while valve chamber 26 is connected to brake pipe passage 3, so that when the auxiliary reservoir pressure has been increased to substantiall brake pipe pressure, the diaphragm 23 an the valve 27 will be maintained in the normal position, as shown in Fig. 1, by the springs 29and 30.

In the normal position of slide valve 27. a cavity 37 connects passage 38, leading to piston chamber 17 with passage 39, leading to valve chamber 20 and cavity 37 also'communicates with passage 25. Consequently,

the fluid pressures are built up on opposite sides of the emergency piston 16 at the pressure in the auxiliary reservoir. 7

A spring 40 acts through sleeve 41 on piston 16, while a spring 42 acts, throu h a sleeve 43 and the slide valve 18, on piston stem 21, so that with the fluid pressure equal- The apparatus being charged with fluid under pressure as hereinbefore described, a service application may be effected in the L usual manner by causing a gradual reduction in brake ipe pressure The triple valve piston 5 then moves out to service application position, first moving the graduating valve 9 to blank the feed port 34, and the feed port 36, and causing the port 35 to register with port 45. The main slide valve 8 is then shifted to service position, first cutting off communication from brake cylinder passage 13, through cavity 46 to atmospheric exhaust port 47, and then causing the service port 45 to register with passage 13. Fluid under pressure is then suppliedfrom the auxiliary reservoir 7 to the brake cylinder 11 to effect a service application of thebrakes.

Upon effecting a service reduction in brake pipe pressure, a corresponding reduction is effected in the valve chamber 26 of the pilot valve device, but the pressure of the spring 30, applied to the, end of the diaphragm stem 28 through the medium of the sleeve 31, is suflicient to prevent auxiliary reservoir pressure present in diaphragm chamber 24 from causing the flexing of'the diaphragm from its normal position as shown in Fig. 1, and consequently the diaphragm stem .28 and slide valve will be maintained in their normal positions. With the pilot valve device thus maintained inactive, it follows that the emergency valve devicewill remain inactive, in other words when a service reduction in brake pipe pressure is effected, both the pilot valve device and the emergency valve device remain in their normal positions as shown in Fig. 1. 7

When it is'desired to release the brakes after a service application, the brake pipe pressure is increased in the usual manner, causing the triple valve piston 5 to move toward the right hand to its normal release position, first moving the graduating valve 9 to cause the port 35 to register with the port 36 in the main slide valve 8 and then shifting the main slide valve and graduating slide valve to their normal release positions. With the triple valve device in normal release position, fluid under pressures released from the brake cylinder 11,to the atmosphere by way of passages 12 and 13, cavity 46 in the main slide valve 8 and exhaust port 47, and the remainder of the equipment is rechar ed in substantially the,

same manner as has een before described.

It is well known that, in charging the fluid pressure equipment on a train, the brake pipe pressure in the equipment onthe cars at the head end of the train is temporarily increased above the standard pressure carried in the brake pipe. On the cars where this temporary increase occurs, brake pipe pressure supplied to the valve chambers 26 of the pilot valve devices, will cause the diaphragms 23 to be flexed toward the left hand to their extreme positions against stops 48 as shown in Fig. 2, which stops are carried by the casings. As the diaphragms 23 are thus flexed they cause their respective stems 28 and slide valves 37 carried by the stems to move to their extreme left hand positions, the slide valves uncovering passages 49 so that fluid under pressure is now supplied from the supplemental reservoirs to the brake pi e by way of passages 15, past ball checkva ves 50, passages 49, valve chambers 26 in the pilot valve .evices and passages 3, thus assisting in the rapid build up in brake pipe pressure throughout the train.

Now, when auxiliary reservoir and brake pipe pressures in the chambers 24 and 26 of each of the pilot valves which has been moved to the position in which the supplemental reservoir is connected to the brake pipe, are substantially equal, the pressure of the spring 29 causes the diaphragm to flex toward the right hand, shifting the stem 28 and slide valve 27 to their normal position, the free end of the stem stopping against the spring-pressed sleeve 31.

, When an emergency reduction in brake pipe pressure is effected, the triple valve piston 5, graduating slide valve 9 and main slide valve move to their extreme left hand position and fluid under pressure is supplied from the auxiliary reservoir 7 to the brake cylinder 11 in the same manner as has been described in connection with the eflecting of a service application of the brakes.

Further, when an emergency reduction in brake pipe pressure is effected, the pressure of fluid in the diaphragm 24 of the pilot valve device, as su plied from the auxiliary reservoir, causes dia hragm 23 to flex toward the right hand; shi 'ng the diaphragm stem 28 and slide valve in the same direction against theopposing pressure of the spring- Pressed defian -T31, movenient of the diaphragm, stair-and slide valve being limited the stem abutting against stops 51 carmed b the casing.

Wit the slide valve 27 in its extreme right hand position, as shown in Fig. 3, communication betweenthe passage 25leadin from the auxiliary reservoir 7 by way .0 valve chamber 6 of the triple valve device, and the passages 38 and 39 leading to the chambers 17 and 20 respectively, in the emergency valve device, as well as communication between the passages 38 ,and 39, are closed off and a port 52 in the slide valve 27 registers with passage 38, which port due to such registration, connects the emergency piston chamber 17 to the brake pipe 4 by way of the valve chamber .26 in the pilot valve device and passage 3.

With the emergency piston chamber 17 thus connected to the rake pipe, the emer gency reduction in brake pipe pressure is also effective in this chamber, so that the pressure of fluid in the emergency'valve chamber 20 and from the volume increasing chamber '22 causes the emergency piston 16 to move to its extreme upper position as shown in Fig. 3. As the piston is thus moved it first shifts the 1 auxiliary slide valve relative to the slide valve 18 to uncover a port 53 in the slide valve cavity 54 and brake cylinder passage 12 and augments brake cylinder pressure;

Further, with the slide valve 18 in emergency position, a restricted branch 55 of the port 53 registers with an exhaust passage 56 in the casing, so that fluid under pressure from the valve chamber 20 and chamber 22 is discharged to the atm sphere through the port 53, branch 55 an passage 56 at a restricted rate. Now when the pressure of fluid in the emergency valve chamber is reduced slightly below the pressure of the spring 40, the emergency piston 16 is caused to move downwardl until such movementis arrested by the side valve 18 stopping against the member 44 on the spring-pressed sleeve 43 at which timethe piston and slide valves are in their normal positions, as shown in Fig. 1 and will be maintained in this position until a release of the brakes is initiated. When the slide valve 18 is thus returned to its normal position, it closes ofi communication from the supplemental reservoir 14 to the brake cylinder. branch 55 of the port 53 so restricts the rate of flow of fluid from the emergency valve chamber 20 that the emergency piston will remain in its emergency position until after the pressure of flui in the su plemental' reservoir has equalized into the brake cylinder.

When it is desired to release the brakes after an emergency application, the brake pipe pressure is increased in the usual manner, causing the several arts of the triple valve device to move to th eir normal release positions. I I

Fluid under pressure. supplied to the brake pipe flows to the emergency iston chamber 17 through p 3 valve c am- It will here be noted that the the brake cylinder llthrough passage 15, a

I sage 3, which is connected to the brake pifpe 4,

19 to move downwardiy 1 ber 26 in the ilot valve device, port 52 in the slide valve ,2 and passage 38, causing the emergency piston 16 and slide valves 18 and from their normal positions, as shown in g. 1 against the opposing pressure of the spring-pressed sleeve 43 acting through the medium of the slide valve 18 and sleeve member 44, to their lowermost or overtrave'l positions, as shown in Fig. 4. With the slide valve 18 in this position, the cavity 54 connects the brake cylinder passage 12 to a passage 57 leading to the passo that fluid under pressure now flows mm the brake cylinder to the brake pi e, thus increasing the rate of build up in rake pipe pressure, facilitating the prompt release of the brakes throughout the length of the train. Interposed in the passage 57 is a ball check valve 58 which is adapted to prevent back flow of fluid under pressure from the passage 3 to the seat of the emergency slide valve.

When brake ipe pressure in the valve chamber 26 of t e pilot valve device is substantially equal to auxiliary reservoir pressure present in chamber 24, the pressure of the spring-pressed sleeve 31' on the diaphragm stem 28 causes the stem, slide valve 27 carried thereby, and diaphragm 23 to again assume their normal positions. With the slide valve 27 in its normal position, the passages 25, 38 and 39 are connected together, so that fluid under pressure is again supplied from the auxiliary reservoir passage 25 to the emergency piston chamber 17 and valve chamber 20 and volume increasing chamber 22. The pressures in both of these chambers now being substantially equal, the emergency piston will be balanced so that the pressure of the spring-pressed sleeve 43 causes the emergency piston and slide valves 18 and 19 to move upwardly to their normal positions as shown in Fig. 1, closing off com munication from the brake cylinder to the brake pipe.

If an over reduction of, for instance five pounds, should be eflected, the several parts of the pilot valve device will be shifted to their extreme right hand positions and con' nect the emergency piston chamber 17 to the brake pipe, but if the rate of reduction does not exceed a service rate, the emergency piston will move upwardly until the auxiliary slide valve uncovers the port 53in the slide valve 18. hen the port 53 is thus uncovered, the pressure of fluid in the valve chamber 20 reduces to the atmosphere by way of port 53, a restricted branch passage and exhaust passage 56 at substantially the same rate as the brake pipe is reducing. Due to the fact that both brake pipe pressure and the pressure of the chamber 20 are reducin at substantially the same rate, the upwar travel ofthe emergency piston 16 will cease before the piston stem can move the slide esa-12o valve 18 from its normal position, thus efiectively preventing unintentional operation of the emergency valve device to emer ncy position. When the pressures of fluid in the valve chamber 20 and the piston chamber 17 are substantially equal, the pressure of the sprin -pressed sleeve 41 causes the piston 16 and s ide valve 19 to return to their normal positions in which the port 53 is again covered by the auxiliary slide valve 19.

It will be noted from the foregoing description that the several arts of the emergency valve device shown 1n Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive are moved to emergency positions when a reduction in brake pipe pressure is effected at an emergency rate andremain in such positions until after the su plemental reservoir 14 equalizes into the bra e cylinder and then move downwardly. to their normal positions in which communication between the reservoir and brake cylinder is closed oil, but in some cases it may be desired to maim tain the reservoir 14 connected to the brake cylinder untilsuch time as the release of the brakes is initiated, and to accomplish this, I have provided a modifiedemergency valve device as shown in Fig. 5.

The emergency valve device shown in Fig.

5 may comprise a piston 61 contained in a piston chamber 62, and a slide, valve 63 and an auxiliary slide valve 64 contained in a valve chamber 65 and adapted to be operated through the medium of a stem 66 by piston 61. the volume increasing chamber 22,and to the passage 39 leading to the pilot valve device.

This emergency valve device may also comprise a piston 67 contained in a piston chamber 68 which is-connected to the piston chamber 62 through a passage 69, said passage being connected to the passage 38 leading to the pilot valve device. The chamber 70 at the other-side of the piston 67 is connected to a passage 71 leading to the seat for the slide valve 18. The piston 67 isprovided with a stem 72 which is adapted to engage with the piston 61 and is provided with an enlarge- The valve chamber 65 is connected to ment 73 which is contained in the chamber 70 and carries a packing 74 for preventing leakage of fluid under pressure from the chamber 70 to the chamber 62.

It will here be understood that ceptien of the emergency, valve device, the rest of the equipment is the same as that shown in Figs. 1 to 4.

In operation, when the brake pipe is supplied with fluid under pressure 1n the usual manner, fluid is supplied to the passages 38 and 39 leading to the emergency. valve device in the same manner as described in connection with the equipment shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive. Fluid supplied to the passage 38 flowing to the piston chambers 62 and 68 b way of passa 69 and fluid supwith the e the emergency valve chamber 65 and from thence to the chamber 22.-

A spring 75 contained in the piston chamber 68 acts through the medium of the piston 67 and piston stem 72 on the piston 61, while a spring 76 acts on the piston stem 66 through 1 the medium of a sleeve 77, a member 78 carried by the member and the slide valve 63, so that with the fluid pressures equalized on both sides of piston 61 and on the upper side of the piston 67, the pistons 61 and 67 will be maintained in theirnormal shown in Fig. 5.

Now when an emergency reduction'in brake pipe pressure iseflected, the pilot valve device will be caused ,to function to connect the passage 38 to the brake pipe in-the same manner as described in connection WithFigsT 1 to 4, so that a corresponding reduction'in the pressures of fluid in the piston chambers 62 and 68 of the emergency valve device is efl'ected; I

slide v'alve 63 and a restricte unco'vered by the auxiliary slide-,valve64 in The pressure of fluid in valve chamber now causes the piston 61 to move to its uppermost or emergency position, actuating the piston 67 to its uppermost position against the opposing pressure of the spring 7 5'. The piston 61 in its travel to emergency position first moves the auztiliary slide valve 64 r lativ'e to the slide valve '63 so that a cavit' 79 in the auxiliary slide valve connects ports 80 and 81 in the slide valve 63 and a-port 82 in the auxiliaryslide valve 64r registers with a a port 83 in the slide valve 63. The main slide valve is then shifted to emergency position, cutting off theflow of fluid from the valve chamber, 65 bywayvof a port/84 in the leading tocthe' atmosphere, whlch port was its initial movement.

With the slide valve 63 in emergency position, the port 80 registers'wi ththe passage 71 and a; foot extensionj86 ofth'e port 81 connects the passage 15 to the brake cylinder passage 12. Fluid under pressure now flows from the supplemental reservoir to the brake" cylgeneyapositiometheipprtfifiai registers withjgthezaexhaustqpassage ,85 andsi nee th'e p656 82 in the Iauxiliary slid-ea ivalv.

inder'by; way of'uassja ge 15, foot extension edema sil n ss i eas F om the -passagel 5 fluid'also flows 'totheichamber a "as" chwhenflqnewamat t insth si ter its stem 72 in the i g pppermqs positions as passage 85 asshown in Fig. 5.

the frictional resistance offered the several moving parts. 1

Now when fluid under pressure is supplied to the brake pipe to release the brakes, fluid flows from the brake pipe to the piston chambers 62 and 68 by way of passage 3, valve chamber 26 in the pilot 'valve device, port 52 in the slide valve 27, passage 38s and passage 69, causing the emergency piston to move downwardly to its over, travel position against the pressure of 'the spring-pressed sleeve 77. Theinitjal movement of the piston, causing the auxiliary slide valve 64 to move relative to the slide valve 63, so that, the cavity 79 connects the ports 80 and 83 in the slide valve 6'3 and since these ports are in registration with the passages 71'and 85, fluid under pressure in the chamber 70 is vented to the atmosphere and the piston 67' is caused to move downwardly to its normal position as shown in Fig: 5. With the slide valve 63 in its lowermost or over trav'eLposition, the foot extension 86 of the port 81 connects the passages 12 and 15, so that fluid under pressure is supplied from the brake cylinder to the brake pipe. 7

In releasing the brakes, when the several parts of the pilot valve device are shifted to,

their normal positions, fluid at" auxiliary reservoir pressure is again supplied to both sides of the piston 61, and the pressure of the spring 76 acting through. the medium of the sleeve 77, member 78, and slide valve 63 causes the several parts of the emergency valve device to assume their normal positions When an over reduction in brake pipe pressure is eflected, at a service rate, the plston 61 will move upwardly, shiftingthe slide valve 64 relative to the slide valve 63 so as to uncover the port"84 in the slide valve With the slide'valve 63 in its normalpos1 1 tion, the port'84 registers with; the passage r-gbrakes.

1.8, shdeval Eromatbeiezgeg; ig sari .6511, it willbe Lcon trols the: PQ TQlfib venting can: emlgenc a lye evice not only he emergenc 85, sothat ,when this-passage;is' uneqvered wby the auxiliary slide valve 63;;fluid flows from a-the chamber 65;:211d 221i01-l7h atmosphere' at substantially thesame rateias-fluid' his being vented gfrom'tlieibrake'apipe and due' 1 to this; thev-upward travel o f;.';the piston 61 willlicease-ilbetore the slide val-W163 0 11' be ;..moved fromaits nprmal action chamber 22 and auxiliary reservoir connected when the equipment is in release position, thus preventing the overcharge of the chamber 22. The pilot valve device also controls the back flow of fluid from the supplemental reservoir to the brake pipe in effecting a release of the brakes after a service application. A

While two illustrative embodiments of the invention have been described in detail, it is not my intention to limit its scope to these embodiments or otherwise than by the terms of the appended cla ms.

-Having now described. my invention, what I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is;

1. In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the combination with a brake pipe, an auxiliary reservoir normally charged with fluid under pressure from the brake pipe, and a triplevalve device subject to variations in brake pipe pressure foreffecting the application and release of the brakes, of an emergency valve device operative to effect an emergency application of the brakes and having a quick action chamber, and an auxiliary valve device normally connecting said auxiliary reservoir and chamber.

2. In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the combination with a brake pipe, and auxiliary reservoir normallyicharged with fluid under pressure from th s brake pipe, and a triple valve device subject to variations in brake pipe'pressure for effecting the application and release of the brakes, of an emergency valve device operative to effect an emergency application of the brakes and having a quick action chamber, and an auxiliary valve device normally connecting said auxiliary reservoir and chamber and operative upon a sudden reduction in brake pipe .ative upon a sudden reduction in brake pipe pressure for closing communication between the auxiliary reservoir andjchambe'r, an means for preventing, the operation of said auxiliary valve device upon effecting a service reduction in brake pipe pressure.

4. In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the combination'with a brake pipe, an auxiliary reservoir and a brake cylinder, of an emergency valve device comprising pressure sen-.

sitive means normally subject on both sides to auxiliary reservoir pressure and operative upon a sudden reduction in pressure on one side for establishing communication through which fluid under pressure is supplied to the brake cylinder to effect an emergency application of the brakes, and a valve device normally establishing communication through which fluid under pressure is sup plied from the auxiliary reservoir to both sides of said pressure sensitive means and operative upon a sudden reduction in brake .pipe pressure for effecting a sudden reduction in the pressure of fluid on one side of said pressure sensitive 1111.? ns.

5. In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the

combination with a brake pipe, an auxiliary reservoir and aibrake cylinder, of an emergency valve device comprising pressure sensitive means normally subject on both sides to auxiliary reservoir pressure and operative upon a suddenreduction in pressure on one side for establishing communication through which fluid under pressure is supplied to the brake cylinder to effect an emergency application of the brakes, and a valve device normally establishing, communication through which fluid under pressure'is supplied from the auxiliary reservoirto both sides of said pressure sensitive means and operative upon a sudden reduction in brake pipe pressure for connecting one side of said pressure sensitive means tothe brake pipe to effect a sud: den reduction in the pressure of fluid on the last mentioned side of said pressure sensitive means. i I 5 6. In afluid pressure brake equipment, the combination .with a brake pipe, an auxiliary reservoir and a brake cylinder, of an emergency valve device comprising pressure sen-- sitivemeans normally subject on both sides to auxiliar reservoir pressure and operative upon a su den reduction in pressure on one side for establishing communication through which fluid under pressure is supplied to the brake cylinder to effect an emergency appli cation ofthe brakes, and a va'lve device: nor mally establishing communication through which fluid underpressure is supplied from the auxiliary reservoir to both'sides of said pressure sensitive means and operative upon a sudden reduction in brake pipepressure for closing off communication between the auxiliary reservoir and both sides of said pressure sensitive means and for connecting one side of the pressure sensitive means to the brakepipe to effect a sudden reduction 1n the pres sure of fluid on the last mentioned side of the pressure sensitive means. i

7. In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the. combination with a brake pipe, a brake cylin---' der, an auxiliar reservoir, and atriple valve device operate upon-an em ergency reduc- 7 tion in brake pipe pressure for supplying fluid under pressure from the auxiliary reservoir to the brake cylinder, of a supplemental reservoir, an emergency valve devlce normally subject to auxiliary reservoir pressure and operated upon an emergency reduction in brake pipe ressure for supplying fluidunder pressure rom said supplemental reservoir to the brake cylinder to efiect an emergency application of the brakes, said emergency valve device bein operated after an emergency apw plication o? the brakes to connect the brake cylinder with the brake pipe, so that fluid under pressure is supplied from the brake cylinder to the brake pipe to facilitate the release of the brakes, and valve means subject to the opposing pressures of the brake pipe and auxiliary reservoir for controlling the operation of said emergency valve device.

8. In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the combination with a brake pipe, a brake cylinder an auxiliary reservoir, and a triple valve device operated upon an emergency reduction in brake pipe pressure for supplying fluid under pressure from the auxiliary reservoir to the brake cylinder, of a supplemental res- 5 ervoir, an emergency valve device normally subject to auxiliary reservoir pressure and operated upon an emergency reduction in brake pipe pressure for supplying fluid under pressure from said supplemental reservoir to the brake cylinder to effect an emergency application of the brakes, said emergency valve device being operated after an emergency application of the brakes to connect the brake cylinder with thebrake pipe, so

that fluid under pressure is supplied from the brake cylinder to the brake 1pe to facilitate the release of the brakes, and valve meahs subject to the opposing pressures of the brake pipe and auxiliary reservoir for controlling the operation of said emergency valve device, said valve means normally establishing communication through which the emergency valve device is subjected to thepressure of V fluid from the auxilia ated upon a sudden 'r notion in brake pipe pressure to a positio for efl'ecting the operation of said emergency valve device to emergency position and for effecting the operation of the emergency'valve device to connect the brake cylinder to'tlie brake pipe upon the brake pipe pressure being increased after an emergency application of the brakes.

9. In afluld pressure brake equipment, the combination with a brake pipe, a brake cylin,

55 der, an auxiliary reservoir, and a triple valve device 0 'erated upon anemergency reduc tion in Brake pipe pressure for supplying fluid under pressure from the auxiliary reservoir to the brake cylinder, of a supplemental reservoir, an emer ency valve device normally subject to auxi iary reservoir pressure and operated upon an emergency reduction in brake pipe pressure for supplying fluid under pressure fromsaid supplemental reservoir to the brake cylinder to effect an emer- -voir and o era reservoir and oper- I gency application of the brakes, said emergency valve device being operated after an emergency application of the brakes to conmet the brake cylinder with the brake ipe,

so that fluid under pressure is supplied" rom, the brake cylinder to the brake pipe to facilitate the release of the brakes, and valve, means subject to the opposing pressures of the brake pipe and auxiliary reservoir for controlling the operation of said emer ency 7 valve device, said. valve means normal y es- L tablishing comniunication through which the emergency valve device is subjected to1the pressure of fluid from the auxiliary re ser-f' P W in brake pipe pr ,e to a position "for effecting the operation of said emergency valve device to' emergency position and for efiecting the operation of the emergencv valve device to connect the brake cylinder to the brake pipe upon the brake pipe pressure being increased after an emergency application of the brakes and further operated upon the substantial equalization of brake pipe and I auxiliary reservoir'pressure's for again subjecting the emergency valve device to auxiliary reservoir pressure to permit said emergency valve device to be operated to its normal position. J 1

J 10. In a fluid pressure brake equipment,

the combination with a brake pipe, an auxiliary reservoir and a brake cylinder, of an emergency valve device comprising pressure sensitive means normally subject on both sides to auxiliary reservoir pressure and operative upon a sudden reduction in pres- X sure on one side for establishing communica-H tion through whihflfluid under pressure is supplied to the brake cylinder to effect an, emergency application of the brakes, a valve device normally establishing communication through which fluid under pressure-is supplied from the auxiliary reservoir to both sided of said pressure sensitive means and operative upon effecting an emer ency reduction inbrake pipe pressure for efiecting a sudden reduction in the pressure of fluid on one side of the pressuresensitive means i and means for preventing the operation 0 said valve device upon effecting a service reduction in brake pipe pressure.

' 11. In a fluid pressure brake equipment,

-the combination with a brake'pipe, an aux:

'iliary reservoir, a supplemental reservoir and a brake cylinder, of an emergency valve device comprising pressure sensitive valve means normally subject onboth sides to auxiliary reservoir pressure and operative u n a sudden reduction on one side for establishing communication through which fluid under pressure is supplied from said supplemental reservoir to said brake cylinder to effect an emergency application of the brakes, a valve device operative upon a sudden reduction in brakepipe pressure jor efsudden redubtion a0 a fecting a sudden reduction in the pressure of fluid on said side of the pressure sensitive means, and 'means included in said emergency valve device operative to maintain the pressure of fluid on the other side of said pressure sensitive means suflicient to maintain'the pressure sensitive means in emergency position until the sup lemental and brake cylinder pressures equa ize.

12. In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the combination with a brake pipe, an auxiliary reservoir, a supplemental reservoir and a brake cylinder, of an emergency valve device comprising pressure sensitive valve means normally subject on both sides'to auxiliary reservoir pressure and operative upon a sudden'reduction on one side for establishing communication through which fluid under pressure is supplied from said supplemental reservoir to said brake cylinder to effect an emergency application of the brakes, a valve device operative upon a sudden reduction in brake pipe pressure for eflecting a sudden reduction in the pressure of fluid on said side of the pressure sensitive means, and means included in said emergency valve device operative to maintain the pressure sensitive means in emergency position to permit the pressures of fluid in said supplemental reservoir and brake cylinder to equalize.

13. In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the combination with a brake pipe, an auxiliary reservoir, a supplemental reservoir and a brake cylinder, of an emergency valve device comprising pressure sensitive valve rneans normally subject on both sides to auxiliary reservoir pressure and operative upon a sudden reduction on one side for establishing communication through which fluid under pressure is supplied from said supplemental reservoir to said brake cylinder to effect an emergency application of the brakes, a valve device operatlve upon a sudden reduction in brake pipe pressure for effecting a sudden reduction in the pressure of fluid on said side of the pressure sensitive means, and means included in said emergency valve device operative to reduce the pressure of fluid under pressure on the other side of the pressure sensitive means to permit'the pressure sensitive means to return from emergency position to normal position after a predetermined period of time.

14. In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the combination with a brake pipe, an auxlliary reservoir, a supplemental reservoir and a brake cylinder, of an emergency valve device comprising ressure sensitive valve means normally sub ect on both sides to auxilia reservoir ressure and operative upon a su den reduction on one side for establishing communication through which fluid under pressure is supplied from said supplemental reservoir to said brake cylinder to efiect an emergency application of the brakes,

sure, and operative upon an increase in brake pipe pressure to connect the supplemental reservoir to the brake pipe so that fluid under pressure is supplied from the supplemental reservoir to the brake pipe to facilitate the release of the brakes.

15. In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the combination with a brake pipe and an auxiliary reservoir charged with fluid under pressure from the brake pipe, of a chamber normally charged with fluid under pressure, an emergency valve device normally subject to auxiliary reservoir pressure and being adapted to be subjected to the opposing pressures of the brake pipe and said chamber to eflect an emergency application of the brakes, and means operative upon a sudden reduction in brake pipe pressure for controlling the operation of said emergency valve device to effect an emergency application of the brakes.

16. In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the combination with a brake pi e and an auxiliary reservoir charged with uid under pressure from the brake i'pe, of a chamber normally charged with flhid under pressure, an emergency valve device normally subject to auxiliary reservoir pressure and being adapted to be subjected to the opposing pressures of the brake pipe and said chamber to effect an emergency application of the brakes, and valve means subject to the opposing pressures of the auxiliary reservoir and brake pipe for controlling theoperation of said emergency valve device to effect an emergency application of the brakes.

In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the combination with a brake pipe and an auxiliary reservoir charged with fluid under pressure from the brake pipe, of.a chamber normally charged with fluid under pressure from the auxiliary reservoir, an emergency valve device norlnally subject to auxiliary g reservoir pressure and being adapted to be subjected to the opposing pressures of the brake pipe and said chamber to efiect an emergency application of the brakes, and means operative upon a sudden reduction in brake pipe pressure for controlling the opsures of the brake pipe and said chamber to effect an emergency application of the brakes, nd valve means normally establishing commimi ation throu h which fluid under pressure is su lied irom said auxiliary reservoir to sai ch m er and emergency valve device and operative u on a sudden reduction in brake pipe pressure for controllin the, operation of said emergency valve evice to eflect an emergency application of the brakes.

19. In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the combination with a brake pi e and an auxiliary reservoir chargdd with uid under pressure from the brake. pipe, of a chamber normally charged with fluid under pressure, an emergency valve device comprising ressure sensltive means normally subject on 0th sides to auxiliary reservoir pressure and subject on one sideto the pressure of fluid in said chamber upon effecting a sudden reduction in the, pressure of fluid on the other side to effect an emergency application of the brakes, and valve means normally establishing communication through which fluid under pressure is supplied from the auxiliary reservoir to both sides of the pressure sensitive means and to said chamber and operative upon a sudden reduction in brake plpe pressure for effecting a sudden reduction in the pressure of fluid on said other side of the pressure sensitive means.

20. In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the combination with a brake pi e and an auxiliary reservoir charged with uid under pressure from the brake pipe, of a chamber normally charged with fluid under pressure, an emergency valve device comprising pressure sensitive means normally subject on both sides to auxiliary reservoir pressure and subject on one side to the pressure of fluid in said cham ber upon efl'ectmg a sudden reduction in the pressure of fluid on the other side to efl'ect an emergency application of the brakes, and valve means normally establishing communicatlon through which fluid under pressure is supplied from the auxiliary reservoir to both sides of the pressure sensitive means and to said chamber and operative upon a sudden reduction in brake pipe pressure for establishing communication through which the pressure of fluid on said other side of the pressuresensitive means is reduced with the pressure of fluid in the brake pipe.

21. In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the combination with a brake pipe and an aux;

iliary reservoir ch rged'with fluid under pressure from the bra e ipe, of a chamber normally charged with uid under pressure, an emergency valve device comprising pressure sensitive means normally subject on both sides to auxiliar; reservoir pressure and subject on one side to the pressure of fluid in brakes, and valve means normally establishing communication through which'fluid under pressure is supplied from the auxilia reservoir to both sides of the pressure sensitive means and to said chamber and operative upon a sudden reduction in brake pipe pres-- sure from the brake ipe, ofa chamber normally charged with uid under pressure, an emergency valve device comprising pressure sensitive means normally subject on both sides to auxiliary reservoir pressure and subject on one side to the pressure of fluid in said chamber upon effecting a sudden reduction' inthe pressure of fluid on the other side to eflect an emergency application of the brakes, valve means normally establishing communication through which fluid under pressure is supplied from the auxiliary reservoir to both sides. of the pressure sensitive means and to said chamber and operative upon a sudden reduction in brake pipe pressure for closing communication from the auxiliary reservoir to both sides of the pressure sensitive means and chamber and for establishing communication through which the pressure of fluid on said other side of the pressure sensitive means is suddenl reduced /with the pressure of fluid in t e brake pipe, and means for gradually reducin the pressure of fluid in said chamber Whl e the pressure sensitive means are in emergency position to permit the pressure sensitive means to be returned to normal position after a predetermined period of time has-elapsed.

23. In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the combination with a brake pipe and an auxiliary reservoir charged with fluidunder pressure from the brake pipe, of a chamber normally charged with fluid under pressure, an emergency valve device comprising pressure sensitive means normally subject on both sides to auxiliary reservoir pressure and subject on one side to the ressure of fluid in said chamber upon effecting a sudden reduction in the pressure of fluid on the other side to eflect an emergency a plication of the brakes, valve means norma 1y establish ing communication through which fluid un der pressure is supplied from the auxillary reservoir to both sides of the pressure sensitive means and to said chamber and operative upon either a sudden reduction in brake pipe pressure or an oven reduction in brake pipe pressure for closing communication from the auxiliary reservoir to .both sides of said pressure sensitive means and chamber and for connecting said other side of the pressure sensitive means to the brake pipe, and means, included in said emergency valve device for reducing the pressure of fluid at a rate corresponding to the rate of brake p1pe reduction in effecting an over reduction In brake pipe pressure to prevent the pressure sensitive means from operating to emergency position.

the combination with an emergency valve device normally subject on opposite sides to fluid under pressure and operated upon a reduction in fiuid pissure on one side to effect an emergency application of the brakes,

of an auxiliary valve device operated upon a sudden reduction in brake pipe pressure to connect said side of the emergency valve device with the brake pipe to effect a reduction in fluid pressure on said side of the emergency valve device. ,1

25. In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the combination with an emergency valve device normally subject on opposite sides to fluid under pressure and operated upon a reduction in fluid pressure on one side to effect an emergency application of the brakes, of an auxiliary valve device operated upon a sudden reduction in brake p1pe pressure to connect said side of the emer ency valve dc vicewith the brake pipe to e ect a reduction in fluid presure on said side of the emergency valve device, and means for reventing the o ration of said auxiliary va ve device upon e ecting a reduction in brake pipepressure at a service rate.

24. In a fluid pressure brake equipment,

CLYDE o. FARMER.

.26. In a fluid pressure brake equipment,

yielding means opposlng' the movement of the emergency valve device to emergency position; and means operative in the emergency position of the emergency valve device or subjectin one side of said yielding means to flui under ressure to relieve the emergency valve. device of I the opposing force of said yielding means.

27; In a fluid pressure brake equipment, the combination with. a brake pipe, of an emergency valve device having a normal position and an emergency position, said emergency valve device being movable to emergency position upon effecting a sudden reduction in brake pipe pressure and movable from emergency position to its normal position upon effecting an increase in brake pipe pressure, yieldable means oplposing the movement of the emergency va ve device to emer- .gency position, means operative in the emerency position of the emergency valve device or supplyin fluid under pressure to one s1de 68 of said yiel ing means to relieve the emer- I no u 

